Introduction
Ear infection and inflammation in domestic dogs are not particularly difficult to diagnose. However, they are extremely common and can be caused by a number of unrelated disorders. Therefore, it is important to diagnose ear problems promptly and properly.
How Ear Disorders are Diagnosed in Dogs
The initial data base for a dog showing signs of “ear problems” includes a thorough history, physical examination and examination of samples taken from the ears and ear canals. The veterinarian will look carefully for ulcers, wounds, sores, abnormal waxy build-up, impacted debris, parasites or other observable evidence of potential causes of the dog’s discomfort. Samples are fairly easily taken for microscopic examination and culture to identify abnormal bacteria, yeast, fungi, cellular signs of inflammation or infection, parasites or other diagnostic elements.
Advanced diagnostic procedures can include: biopsy of affected ear tissues; radiographs (X-rays); computed tomography (CT or CAT scan); magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); complete neurological examination; brainstem auditory-evoked response testing (BAER) to assess hearing ability or deficits; and testing for the presence of allergies (elimination diet trials; intradermal or serum-specific allergy testing).
Special Notes
Ear problems in companion dogs should be taken seriously despite their frequency. While they typically are not difficult to diagnose or to treat, they can cause serious and irreparable problems if they are not detected and treated promptly.